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Azure Cosmos DB Python

Azure Cosmos DB SDK for Python (NoSQL API). Use for document CRUD, queries, containers, and globally distributed data. Triggers: "cosmos db", "CosmosClient", "container", "document", "NoSQL", "partition key".

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Azure Cosmos DB SDK for Python (NoSQL API). Use for document CRUD, queries, containers, and globally distributed data. Triggers: "cosmos db", "CosmosClient", "container", "document", "NoSQL", "partition key".

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SKILL.md

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SKILL.md, references/partitioning.md, references/query-patterns.md, scripts/setup_cosmos_container.py

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Tencent SkillHub
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0.1.0

Documentation

ClawHub primary doc Primary doc: SKILL.md 21 sections Open source page

Azure Cosmos DB SDK for Python

Client library for Azure Cosmos DB NoSQL API โ€” globally distributed, multi-model database.

Installation

pip install azure-cosmos azure-identity

Environment Variables

COSMOS_ENDPOINT=https://<account>.documents.azure.com:443/ COSMOS_DATABASE=mydb COSMOS_CONTAINER=mycontainer

Authentication

from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential from azure.cosmos import CosmosClient credential = DefaultAzureCredential() endpoint = "https://<account>.documents.azure.com:443/" client = CosmosClient(url=endpoint, credential=credential)

Client Hierarchy

ClientPurposeGet FromCosmosClientAccount-level operationsDirect instantiationDatabaseProxyDatabase operationsclient.get_database_client()ContainerProxyContainer/item operationsdatabase.get_container_client()

Setup Database and Container

# Get or create database database = client.create_database_if_not_exists(id="mydb") # Get or create container with partition key container = database.create_container_if_not_exists( id="mycontainer", partition_key=PartitionKey(path="/category") ) # Get existing database = client.get_database_client("mydb") container = database.get_container_client("mycontainer")

Create Item

item = { "id": "item-001", # Required: unique within partition "category": "electronics", # Partition key value "name": "Laptop", "price": 999.99, "tags": ["computer", "portable"] } created = container.create_item(body=item) print(f"Created: {created['id']}")

Read Item

# Read requires id AND partition key item = container.read_item( item="item-001", partition_key="electronics" ) print(f"Name: {item['name']}")

Update Item (Replace)

item = container.read_item(item="item-001", partition_key="electronics") item["price"] = 899.99 item["on_sale"] = True updated = container.replace_item(item=item["id"], body=item)

Upsert Item

# Create if not exists, replace if exists item = { "id": "item-002", "category": "electronics", "name": "Tablet", "price": 499.99 } result = container.upsert_item(body=item)

Delete Item

container.delete_item( item="item-001", partition_key="electronics" )

Basic Query

# Query within a partition (efficient) query = "SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.price < @max_price" items = container.query_items( query=query, parameters=[{"name": "@max_price", "value": 500}], partition_key="electronics" ) for item in items: print(f"{item['name']}: ${item['price']}")

Cross-Partition Query

# Cross-partition (more expensive, use sparingly) query = "SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.price < @max_price" items = container.query_items( query=query, parameters=[{"name": "@max_price", "value": 500}], enable_cross_partition_query=True ) for item in items: print(item)

Query with Projection

query = "SELECT c.id, c.name, c.price FROM c WHERE c.category = @category" items = container.query_items( query=query, parameters=[{"name": "@category", "value": "electronics"}], partition_key="electronics" )

Read All Items

# Read all in a partition items = container.read_all_items() # Cross-partition # Or with partition key items = container.query_items( query="SELECT * FROM c", partition_key="electronics" )

Partition Keys

Critical: Always include partition key for efficient operations. from azure.cosmos import PartitionKey # Single partition key container = database.create_container_if_not_exists( id="orders", partition_key=PartitionKey(path="/customer_id") ) # Hierarchical partition key (preview) container = database.create_container_if_not_exists( id="events", partition_key=PartitionKey(path=["/tenant_id", "/user_id"]) )

Throughput

# Create container with provisioned throughput container = database.create_container_if_not_exists( id="mycontainer", partition_key=PartitionKey(path="/pk"), offer_throughput=400 # RU/s ) # Read current throughput offer = container.read_offer() print(f"Throughput: {offer.offer_throughput} RU/s") # Update throughput container.replace_throughput(throughput=1000)

Async Client

from azure.cosmos.aio import CosmosClient from azure.identity.aio import DefaultAzureCredential async def cosmos_operations(): credential = DefaultAzureCredential() async with CosmosClient(endpoint, credential=credential) as client: database = client.get_database_client("mydb") container = database.get_container_client("mycontainer") # Create await container.create_item(body={"id": "1", "pk": "test"}) # Read item = await container.read_item(item="1", partition_key="test") # Query async for item in container.query_items( query="SELECT * FROM c", partition_key="test" ): print(item) import asyncio asyncio.run(cosmos_operations())

Error Handling

from azure.cosmos.exceptions import CosmosHttpResponseError try: item = container.read_item(item="nonexistent", partition_key="pk") except CosmosHttpResponseError as e: if e.status_code == 404: print("Item not found") elif e.status_code == 429: print(f"Rate limited. Retry after: {e.headers.get('x-ms-retry-after-ms')}ms") else: raise

Best Practices

Always specify partition key for point reads and queries Use parameterized queries to prevent injection and improve caching Avoid cross-partition queries when possible Use upsert_item for idempotent writes Use async client for high-throughput scenarios Design partition key for even data distribution Use read_item instead of query for single document retrieval

Reference Files

FileContentsreferences/partitioning.mdPartition key strategies, hierarchical keys, hot partition detection and mitigationreferences/query-patterns.mdQuery optimization, aggregations, pagination, transactions, change feedscripts/setup_cosmos_container.pyCLI tool for creating containers with partitioning, throughput, and indexing

Category context

Code helpers, APIs, CLIs, browser automation, testing, and developer operations.

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Package contents

Included in package
3 Docs1 Scripts
  • SKILL.md Primary doc
  • references/partitioning.md Docs
  • references/query-patterns.md Docs
  • scripts/setup_cosmos_container.py Scripts